wp_dropdown_users( array|string $args = '' )

Create dropdown HTML content of users.

Contents

Description Description

The content can either be displayed, which it is by default or retrieved by setting the ‘echo’ argument. The ‘include’ and ‘exclude’ arguments do not need to be used; all users will be displayed in that case. Only one can be used, either ‘include’ or ‘exclude’, but not both.

The available arguments are as follows:

Parameters Parameters

$args

(array|string) (Optional) Array or string of arguments to generate a drop-down of users. See WP_User_Query::prepare_query() for additional available arguments.

  • 'show_option_all'
    (string) Text to show as the drop-down default (all).
  • 'show_option_none'
    (string) Text to show as the drop-down default when no users were found.
  • 'option_none_value'
    (int|string) Value to use for $show_option_non when no users were found. Default -1.
  • 'hide_if_only_one_author'
    (string) Whether to skip generating the drop-down if only one user was found.
  • 'orderby'
    (string) Field to order found users by. Accepts user fields. Default 'display_name'.
  • 'order'
    (string) Whether to order users in ascending or descending order. Accepts 'ASC' (ascending) or 'DESC' (descending). Default 'ASC'.
  • 'include'
    (array|string) Array or comma-separated list of user IDs to include.
  • 'exclude'
    (array|string) Array or comma-separated list of user IDs to exclude.
  • 'multi'
    (bool|int) Whether to skip the ID attribute on the 'select' element. Accepts 1|true or 0|false. Default 0|false.
  • 'show'
    (string) User data to display. If the selected item is empty then the 'user_login' will be displayed in parentheses. Accepts any user field, or 'display_name_with_login' to show the display name with user_login in parentheses. Default 'display_name'.
  • 'echo'
    (int|bool) Whether to echo or return the drop-down. Accepts 1|true (echo) or 0|false (return). Default 1|true.
  • 'selected'
    (int) Which user ID should be selected. Default 0.
  • 'include_selected'
    (bool) Whether to always include the selected user ID in the drop- down. Default false.
  • 'name'
    (string) Name attribute of select element. Default 'user'.
  • 'id'
    (string) ID attribute of the select element. Default is the value of $name.
  • 'class'
    (string) Class attribute of the select element.
  • 'blog_id'
    (int) ID of blog (Multisite only). Default is ID of the current blog.
  • 'who'
    (string) Which type of users to query. Accepts only an empty string or 'authors'.
  • 'role'
    (string|array) An array or a comma-separated list of role names that users must match to be included in results. Note that this is an inclusive list: users must match *each* role.
  • 'role__in'
    (array) An array of role names. Matched users must have at least one of these roles. Default empty array.
  • 'role__not_in'
    (array) An array of role names to exclude. Users matching one or more of these roles will not be included in results. Default empty array.

Default value: ''

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Return Return

(string) String of HTML content.

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Source Source

File: wp-includes/user.php 

function wp_dropdown_users( $args = '' ) {
	$defaults = array(
		'show_option_all'         => '',
		'show_option_none'        => '',
		'hide_if_only_one_author' => '',
		'orderby'                 => 'display_name',
		'order'                   => 'ASC',
		'include'                 => '',
		'exclude'                 => '',
		'multi'                   => 0,
		'show'                    => 'display_name',
		'echo'                    => 1,
		'selected'                => 0,
		'name'                    => 'user',
		'class'                   => '',
		'id'                      => '',
		'blog_id'                 => get_current_blog_id(),
		'who'                     => '',
		'include_selected'        => false,
		'option_none_value'       => -1,
		'role'                    => '',
		'role__in'                => array(),
		'role__not_in'            => array(),
	);

	$defaults['selected'] = is_author() ? get_query_var( 'author' ) : 0;

	$parsed_args = wp_parse_args( $args, $defaults );

	$query_args = wp_array_slice_assoc( $parsed_args, array( 'blog_id', 'include', 'exclude', 'orderby', 'order', 'who', 'role', 'role__in', 'role__not_in' ) );

	$fields = array( 'ID', 'user_login' );

	$show = ! empty( $parsed_args['show'] ) ? $parsed_args['show'] : 'display_name';
	if ( 'display_name_with_login' === $show ) {
		$fields[] = 'display_name';
	} else {
		$fields[] = $show;
	}

	$query_args['fields'] = $fields;

	$show_option_all   = $parsed_args['show_option_all'];
	$show_option_none  = $parsed_args['show_option_none'];
	$option_none_value = $parsed_args['option_none_value'];

	/**
	 * Filters the query arguments for the list of users in the dropdown.
	 *
	 * @since 4.4.0
	 *
	 * @param array $query_args The query arguments for get_users().
	 * @param array $parsed_args          The arguments passed to wp_dropdown_users() combined with the defaults.
	 */
	$query_args = apply_filters( 'wp_dropdown_users_args', $query_args, $parsed_args );

	$users = get_users( $query_args );

	$output = '';
	if ( ! empty( $users ) && ( empty( $parsed_args['hide_if_only_one_author'] ) || count( $users ) > 1 ) ) {
		$name = esc_attr( $parsed_args['name'] );
		if ( $parsed_args['multi'] && ! $parsed_args['id'] ) {
			$id = '';
		} else {
			$id = $parsed_args['id'] ? " id='" . esc_attr( $parsed_args['id'] ) . "'" : " id='$name'";
		}
		$output = "<select name='{$name}'{$id} class='" . $parsed_args['class'] . "'>\n";

		if ( $show_option_all ) {
			$output .= "\t<option value='0'>$show_option_all</option>\n";
		}

		if ( $show_option_none ) {
			$_selected = selected( $option_none_value, $parsed_args['selected'], false );
			$output   .= "\t<option value='" . esc_attr( $option_none_value ) . "'$_selected>$show_option_none</option>\n";
		}

		if ( $parsed_args['include_selected'] && ( $parsed_args['selected'] > 0 ) ) {
			$found_selected          = false;
			$parsed_args['selected'] = (int) $parsed_args['selected'];
			foreach ( (array) $users as $user ) {
				$user->ID = (int) $user->ID;
				if ( $user->ID === $parsed_args['selected'] ) {
					$found_selected = true;
				}
			}

			if ( ! $found_selected ) {
				$users[] = get_userdata( $parsed_args['selected'] );
			}
		}

		foreach ( (array) $users as $user ) {
			if ( 'display_name_with_login' === $show ) {
				/* translators: 1: User's display name, 2: User login. */
				$display = sprintf( _x( '%1$s (%2$s)', 'user dropdown' ), $user->display_name, $user->user_login );
			} elseif ( ! empty( $user->$show ) ) {
				$display = $user->$show;
			} else {
				$display = '(' . $user->user_login . ')';
			}

			$_selected = selected( $user->ID, $parsed_args['selected'], false );
			$output   .= "\t<option value='$user->ID'$_selected>" . esc_html( $display ) . "</option>\n";
		}

		$output .= '</select>';
	}

	/**
	 * Filters the wp_dropdown_users() HTML output.
	 *
	 * @since 2.3.0
	 *
	 * @param string $output HTML output generated by wp_dropdown_users().
	 */
	$html = apply_filters( 'wp_dropdown_users', $output );

	if ( $parsed_args['echo'] ) {
		echo $html;
	}
	return $html;
}

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Changelog Changelog

Changelog
Version Description
4.7.0 Added the $role, $role__in, and $role__not_in parameters.
4.5.0 Added the 'display_name_with_login' value for 'show'.
2.3.0 Introduced.

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Uses Uses

Uses
Uses Description
wp-includes/user.php: wp_dropdown_users_args

Filters the query arguments for the list of users in the dropdown.
wp-includes/l10n.php: _x()

Retrieve translated string with gettext context.
wp-includes/formatting.php: esc_attr()

Escaping for HTML attributes.
wp-includes/formatting.php: esc_html()

Escaping for HTML blocks.
wp-includes/general-template.php: selected()

Outputs the html selected attribute.
wp-includes/pluggable.php: get_userdata()

Retrieve user info by user ID.
wp-includes/query.php: is_author()

Determines whether the query is for an existing author archive page.
wp-includes/query.php: get_query_var()

Retrieve variable in the WP_Query class.
wp-includes/load.php: get_current_blog_id()

Retrieve the current site ID.
wp-includes/functions.php: wp_parse_args()

Merge user defined arguments into defaults array.
wp-includes/functions.php: wp_array_slice_assoc()

Extract a slice of an array, given a list of keys.
wp-includes/plugin.php: apply_filters()

Calls the callback functions that have been added to a filter hook.
wp-includes/user.php: get_users()

Retrieve list of users matching criteria.
wp-includes/user.php: wp_dropdown_users

Filters the wp_dropdown_users() HTML output.
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User Contributed Notes User Contributed Notes

  1. Skip to note 1 content
    You must log in to vote on the helpfulness of this noteVote results for this note: 0You must log in to vote on the helpfulness of this note
    Contributed by Codex —

    Dropdown with Submit Button
    Displays a users drop-down list in HTML form with a submit button.

    <li id="users">
	<h2><?php esc_html_e( 'users:' ); ?></h2>
	<form action="<?php home_url(); ?>" method="get">
		<?php wp_dropdown_users( array( 'name' => 'author' ) ); ?>
		<input type="submit" name="submit" value="view" />
	</form>
</li>
  2. Skip to note 2 content
    You must log in to vote on the helpfulness of this noteVote results for this note: 0You must log in to vote on the helpfulness of this note
    Contributed by minimamente —

    Query users by role (that work):

    $query_users_ids_by_role = [
	'fields' => ['id'],
	'role' => $role
];

$array_of_users = get_users( $query_users_ids_by_role );

$array_of_users_ids = array_map(function ($user) {
	return $user->id;
}, $array_of_users);

$users_ids_list = implode( ',', $array_of_users_ids );

$query_for_dropdown = [
	'show_option_all'   => __('All users'),
	'orderby'           => 'display_name',
	'order'             => 'ASC',
	'include'           => $users_ids_list
];

wp_dropdown_users($query_for_dropdown);

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  3. Skip to note 3 content
    You must log in to vote on the helpfulness of this noteVote results for this note: -1You must log in to vote on the helpfulness of this note
    Contributed by ritterml —

    Query users by role:

    $role = 'subscriber';

$query_users_ids_by_role = array(
	'field' => 'id',
	'role' => $role
);

$array_of_users_ids = get_users( $query_users_ids_by_role );

$users_ids_list = implode( ',',$array_of_users_ids );

$query_for_dropdown = array(
    'include' => $user_ids_list,
);

wp_dropdown_users( $query_for_dropdown );

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    * Accumulated from others’ work too.

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